Quran and adjudication :

Because Quran is the word of God and its order and prohibition is the divine command, so it is supposed as the final reference of resolving the conflicts. This happens where people accept the judgement of Quran and accede it. If Quran is accepted for judging, it would be the pivot of mergence; since all sides of conflict believe in it and should desist their passions and present their thoughts and ideas to Quran and obey it.

Imam Ali (AS) in sermon 176 introduces Quran as a trustee advisor and honest speaker and knows it as the cause of eradication of the pain of infidelity and hypocrisy and states:

((set it as your advisor and accuse your opinions (if it is not in accordance with Quran) and suppose your passions, deceitful.))

It means that is our thoughts and requires is not according Quran, put our thoughts and wanting under question and try to make them in accordance with Quran; not to detour Quranic contents in order to prove our word.

In sermon 87 also, Imam (AS) knows Quran as the strong element in the way and path of the Right along with pure Ahl-e-bayt (family of Prophet Mohammad (PH); including: Imam Ali (AS), Lady Fateme (SA), Imam Hasan (AS), Imam Hussain (AS) and their sons) and states:

((where do you go and how do you stray from the way of Right, while the flags are erected, the signs are obvious and the light of guidance is in front of you? So how you are confused and missed the way, while the Etrat (family) of Prophet (PH) are among you? So know that, they are your guidance to the Right, religious leaders and honest. Set them in the best place, where you put Quran, and hurry to them like the thirsty camels which hurry to the water.))

Quran and the adjudication:

The most important event in which the discussion of adjudication of word of Allah (Quran) happened, was at the end of Seffin war. The Sham army with the leadership of Muawiya were close to fail in fighting with Islam army. Amr-o-a’s, who was genius in deceit and trick, operated the plan of putting Quran at the spearhead and pretended that: let us accept the Quran for adjudication and end the fight and quarrel. The deceit, affected some of naive members of Imam Ali (AS)’s army and with this claim that: we do not fight with the ones who accepted the adjudication of Quran, they abandoned Imam Ali (AS)’s army; so the sedition of Kharijites happened and the very those people fought with Imam Ali (AS) and in Nahrovan war, drew their sword in toward him.

The finale of adjudication was at the expense of the Right bloc. Imam Ali (AS) about this event in sermon 125 stated that:

((We did not set people as the judge, but we have set Quran as the judge. This Quran, is a line hidden between two covers. It does not have tongue to speak itself, some people should be interpreters of it and they speak from its side. Since these people invited us to set Quran to judge us, we did not want to be the group who turns over from the book of God (Quran). God stated: ((if you disagree over anything, refer it to Allāh and the Messenger)) (Sura Nesa, verse 59) referring the dispute issues to Quran means to act according Quran. Referring to Prophet (PH) means to obey his convention. If there is judgement according to the order of God and the convention of Prophet (PH), we are more deserving to accept it…))

He also in sermon 86 insisted that we should yield to orders and prohibitions of word of Allah (Quran).

Imam Ali (AS) states:

((O people! Pay attention to God in what he has wanted you to observe in his book and in rights which he has made you as their trustee; as the glorious God has not created you in vain.))

Quran and adjudication:

Imam Ali (AS) in sermon 127 explains the wrong way of his oppositions, forewarns them from fraction and about adjudication, addresses Kharijities in Nahruvan war and states:

((verily, the two authorities (who adjudicate; means Abou mousa ashari and Amr-o-a’s) were chosen on this basis to revitalize what Quran does and croak what Quran does. Revitalizing means to be united with centrality of it and croaking means to separate from what Quran says. If Quran leads us to them, we will follow them and if it leads them to us, they should follow us. I did no evil deed, nor did I deceived. Your vote and opinion was to choose two persons. We made a pact with them not to aggrieve Quran but they misled and while seeing the Right, denied it and because their heart was with oppression, they went to that way…))

The ones who insisted on adjudication, when the result of it was at the expense of the Right bloc, objected that why Imam (AS) acknowledged adjudication while he knew from the beginning, this being a seduction?  But those naive people did not acknowledge (the speech of Imam AS) and imposed accepting the adjudication on Imam (AS). When they realized it resulted at the expense of the Right bloc, again they mused that: why Imam (AS) accepted it? While they, themselves, insisted on it.

Quran and adjudication:

Imam Ali (AS) in sermon 177, pointed out to the event of Adjudication; where he stated:

((the vote of most of you was to choose two persons. So we took an oath from those two authorities (who adjudicate) to be loyal and committed to Quran, defer the judgement of Quran, not to aggrieve it, their tongue be along with Quran and their hearts be subordinate to Quran; but those two persons strayed and abandoned the Right while they saw it. Their ideal was oppression and their opinion was stayed.))

The Kharijities of Nahruvan war, so far as imposed the very adjudication to Imam Ali (AS), they also imposed the one who has the authority (to adjudicate); else, the idea of Imam Ali (AS) was to choose an aware and discerning person like Ibn-e-abbas from the side of companions of Imam (AS). Amr-o-a’s, deceited Abou mousa and explained the result of dialogues and negotiations in this way: as such Abou mousa suspended Ali-ibn-e-abitaleb and you heared it, I appointed Moawiyat-ibn-e-abousofyan to be the caliph. A howl happened and some people detected their mistakes and the Kharijities’ sedition happened from that moment. The story of this event, has been written in detail in first volume of Ershad by Sheykh mofid and second volume of the elaboration of Nahj-ol-balaqe by Ibn-e-ab-el-hadid. Scholar Majlesi also, in volume 33 of Behar-o-anvar has narrated it.

Imam Ali (AS) in letter 48 pointed out to deceitful plan of Muawiya in inviting to adjudication of the word of Allah (Quran) and have wrote:

You invited us to judgement of Quran while you are not follower of Quran. We did not accept your invitation but we accepted Quran’s invitation to judge.))

If the book of God (Quran) becomes the final say in disputes, it would be the center of consensus and empathy against the hypocrisy of ill-natured and bad-hearted people.